Ayutthaya Travel Guide: What to See and Do Among the Ruins

Ayutthaya, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is one of Thailand’s most historically significant destinations. Once the glorious capital of the Kingdom of Siam, it flourished between the 14th and 18th centuries as a major center of trade, culture, and diplomacy. Today, its majestic ruins, ancient temples, and cultural landmarks attract visitors from all over the world. Just a short trip from Bangkok, Ayutthaya is a perfect destination for history lovers and those seeking a glimpse into Thailand’s rich past.

1, A brief history of Ayutthaya

Founded in 1350 by King Ramathibodi I, Ayutthaya quickly became one of the most powerful cities in Southeast Asia. It was strategically located on an island between three rivers - the Chao Phraya, Lopburi, and Pa Sak - which provided natural protection and made it a thriving international trading hub. Merchants from China, Japan, Portugal, the Netherlands, and France established settlements, making Ayutthaya one of the most cosmopolitan cities of its time.

At its peak, the city was home to over a million people, featuring grand palaces, gilded temples, and an advanced urban system. However, in 1767, Ayutthaya was destroyed by the Burmese army, marking the end of its golden age. The capital was later moved to Bangkok, but the ruins of Ayutthaya remain a powerful reminder of its past grandeur.

2, Best time to visit Ayutthaya

Ayutthaya has a tropical climate, with hot and humid weather throughout the year. The best time to visit is:

• Cool Season (November – February): Pleasant temperatures (20-30°C) make exploring the ruins more comfortable.
• Hot Season (March – May): Temperatures can exceed 35°C, so early morning or late afternoon visits are recommended.
• Rainy Season (June – October): While the landscape is lush, heavy rain can make sightseeing difficult.

For the best experience, visit between November and February, when the weather is most comfortable.

3, Top attractions in Ayutthaya

3.1. Wat Mahathat

One of the most famous temples in Ayutthaya, Wat Mahathat is known for the iconic Buddha head entwined in tree roots. It was once an important royal monastery and center for Buddhist learning. Today, its crumbling stupas and prangs offer a glimpse into Ayutthaya’s former splendor.

3.2. Wat Phra Si Sanphet

This grand temple was the most important temple of the royal palace complex. Its three towering chedis (stupas) house the ashes of Ayutthaya’s kings. The temple’s elegant architecture reflects the power and prestige of the old capital.

3.3. Wat Ratchaburana

Built in 1424, this temple features a beautifully preserved Khmer-style prang. Visitors can climb inside the prang to see intricate murals and discover hidden crypts that once contained royal treasures.

3.4. Wat Chaiwatthanaram

Situated along the Chao Phraya River, Wat Chaiwatthanaram is one of Ayutthaya’s most stunning temples. Its symmetrical layout and towering central prang make it a popular spot for photography, especially at sunset.

3.5. Wat Lokayasutharam (The Reclining Buddha)

This temple features a massive 42-meter-long reclining Buddha statue, draped in an orange cloth. It symbolizes the Buddha’s entry into Nirvana and is a sacred site for worshippers.

3.6. Ayutthaya Historical Park

This UNESCO-listed park is home to dozens of ancient temples, palaces, and ruins. Rent a bicycle or hire a tuk-tuk to explore the expansive complex at your own pace.

3.7. Bang Pa-In Royal Palace

Located just outside Ayutthaya, this summer palace was used by Thai kings as a retreat. The complex features a mix of Thai, Chinese, and European architectural styles, with beautiful gardens, pavilions, and lakes.

3.8. Chao Sam Phraya National Museum

For history enthusiasts, this museum displays Buddhist artifacts, royal relics, and ancient treasures found in Ayutthaya’s ruins. It provides valuable insight into the city’s past glory.

4, Things to do in Ayutthaya

4.1. Take a Boat Tour Around the Island

One of the best ways to experience Ayutthaya is by taking a boat cruise along the surrounding rivers. Many boat tours offer stops at riverfront temples, providing a unique perspective on the ancient city.

4.2. Try Traditional Ayutthaya Cuisine

Ayutthaya is famous for its river prawns and boat noodles. Must-try dishes include:

• Giant River Prawns (Goong Pao) – Grilled fresh from the Chao Phraya River.
• Boat Noodles (Kuay Teow Reua) – A rich, flavorful noodle soup once served from floating boats.
• Roti Sai Mai – A Thai-style cotton candy wrapped in a roti, a popular local dessert.

4.3. Explore by Bicycle or Tuk-Tuk

Renting a bicycle or hiring a tuk-tuk is a great way to explore the vast temple complex. Many guesthouses offer affordable bike rentals.

4.4. Watch a Traditional Thai Performance at Ayutthaya Floating Market

This recreated floating market offers cultural shows, traditional crafts, and delicious Thai street food. It’s a great place to experience local life.

4.5. Visit an Elephant Sanctuary

While elephant rides are discouraged due to ethical concerns, visitors can interact with elephants at ethical sanctuaries like the Ayutthaya Elephant Palace, which promotes responsible tourism.

5, How to get to Ayutthaya

From Bangkok

Ayutthaya is just 80 km north of Bangkok, making it a popular day-trip destination.

• By Train: Trains from Bangkok’s Hua Lamphong Station to Ayutthaya take 1.5–2 hours and are the most budget-friendly option.
• By Bus/Minivan: Minivans and buses depart from Mo Chit Bus Terminal and take 1.5 hours.
• By Car: Driving takes about 1 hour via Highway 32.
• By Boat: Luxury river cruises along the Chao Phraya River offer a scenic way to reach Ayutthaya.

Ayutthaya is a must-visit destination for history lovers, offering a fascinating journey into Thailand’s royal past. Whether you’re exploring ancient temples, enjoying a boat cruise, or tasting local delicacies, Ayutthaya provides an unforgettable experience. With its proximity to Bangkok, it’s a perfect day trip or weekend getaway that allows you to step back in time and witness the grandeur of old Siam.